Week of November 16, 2008 to November 22, 2008

Mysterious Microbe Fertilizes Oceans

WHY IT MATTERS: Jonathan Zehr, a marine scientist at the University of California in Santa Cruz, says the discovery of an unusual microorganism in the open ocean may force scientists to rethink their understanding of how carbon and nitrogen cycle through ocean ecosystems.

After a long search researchers think they have found a cryptic microbe that helps fertilize ocean waters worldwide. Or at least they have found the single-celled critter's very telling and surprising genome.

Hints of the mysterious organism have been popping up all over the world in DNA analysis of sea water. But the actual microbe — a type of bacteria known as cyanobacteria — has so far eluded direct observation, because it can not be cultured in a laboratory.

Source: 
Science Journal

First Pictures Taken of Planets in Other Solar

WHY IT MATTERS: Christian Marois of the NRC Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics in British Columbia, Canada, says the discovery will help us better understand how our own solar system was formed.

Scientists have produced the first-ever image of multiple planets orbiting a star other than our own. Researchers typically infer a planet’s presence -- usually through its gravitational influence on a star -- but this is the first time they have imaged three planets directly using the Keck and Gemini telescopes.

The star, HR 8799, is a “main sequence star,” in the prime of its life, fueled by nuclear reactions within its core, and it occurs 128 light years from Earth. The planets traveling around it have masses between five and 13 times that of Jupiter, with the smallest planet closest to its sun and the largest the farthest away.

Source: 
Science Journal